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Dans les dictionnaires, sous la rubrique «fabula» :
« The Latin fabulae were forms of drama among wich we may distinguish the following: (a) fabula Atllama, so called after the Oscan town Atella. A kind of southern Italian farce (q.v.) popular in Rome until the period of Augustus (63 BC-AD 14). They were bawdy pantomimes (q.v.) with stock characters (q.v.) who where reprensented by masks. Some of the main dramatis personae were: Bucco, the clown; Maccus, the fool; Pappus, the grandfather or foolish dotard; Manducus, a gluttn; Dossenus, a hunchback; (b) fabula crepidata, Roman tragedies based on Greek themes. The Roman word for cothurnus (q.v.) worn by the tragic actors was crepida; a term rendered in English by buskin (q.v.); © fabula palliata (palliata from Latin pallium 'cloak'). A type of comedy first introduced in Rome by Livius Andronicus in the 3rd c. BC. I remained popular for well over a hundred years and consisted for the most part of adaptations of Greek New Comedy (q.v.) The onlu extant palliatae were created by Plautus and Terence; (d) fabula praetexta, so called from the toga praetexta – a garmen worn by priests and magistrates and bordered with a purpule stripe. Such fabulae were dramas based on Roman history which presented well-known Roman personalities. Thus, a kind of history play (q.v.). The invention of the form is attributed to Naevius of the 3rd c. BC; (e) fabula saltica, so called from saltire 'to jump', they were a form of Roman ballet and pantomime; (f) fabula stataria, so called because it tended to be a static form of drama, in distinction from the motoria or rapidly moving comedy (or what we should now from toga – the traditional Roman garment. Such dramas were a form of comedy based on Greek models but dealing Roman life and characters. The main dramatist was Afranius and this type of comedy had some vogue in the latter part of the 2nd c. BC. »
J.A. Cuddon, The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, London, Penguin Group, 1992 [1976], p. 8. p. 324.
Terme employé par les formalistes russes pour désigner le matériel brut de l'histoire. À distinguer d'intrigue comme les termes histoire et récit le sont dans la narratologie française.
Hendrick, VAN GORP, et al., Dictionnaire des termes littéraires, Paris, Honoré Champion (Champion Classiques), 2005 [2001].
« La fabula, c'est le schéma fondamental de la narration, la logique des actions et la syntaxe des personnages, le cours des événements ordonné temporellement. » C'est, autrement dit, le squelette de l'histoire.
Umberto ECO, Lector in fabula, Paris, Grasset (Figures), 1985 [1979], p. 133.